论卡尔维诺的陌生化诗学——从《宇宙奇趣》看陌生化叙事

On Calvino's Poetics of Defamiliarization——The Narrative of Defamiliarization Seen from Cosmicomics

以《美国讲稿》为切入点,我们考察发现卡尔维诺小说诗学植根于欧洲文学传统。论文剖析了卡尔维诺提出陌生化诗学的原因及其主要内容。卡尔维诺提倡的陌生化就是反讽式地借用过去的文学经典,不断推陈出新,将世界描述成原初的样子、将对象描述成本来的面貌。陌生化诗学,在《宇宙奇趣》中得到了成功的运用,通过文体的陌生化、叙事视角和主题的陌生化,它不仅让我们重新认识了宇宙、认识了自己,也让我们看到了一个镇定、自信、近乎不可思议的小说家卡尔维诺。

Based on Lectures in USA, we find Calvino＇ s novel poetics rooted in European literary tradition. This paper analyzes the cause for Calvino＇ s proposal of defamiliarization poetics as well as its main content. The defamiliarization advocated by Calvino aims to borrow the classic literature of the past ironically and to innovate unceasingly, and to describe the world and all things as they were. With its successful application in Cosmicomics in terms of the defamiliarization of style, narrative perspectives and themes, poetics of defamiliarization has enabled us not only to rediscover the universe and ourselves again but also to discern a calm, confident, and almost incredible novelist, Calvino.