2012年贵州羊蓝舌病血清流行病学调查及影响因素分析

The Serological Survey and Influencing Factors Analysis of Sheep Bluetongue in Guizhou Province in 2012

为了解2012年贵州省各地区羊蓝舌病血清流行病学情况,以便合理进行疫病预警和防控。本研究收集2012年贵州省不同地区羊血清样本1869头份,采用ELISA方法对羊蓝舌病血清抗体进行检测,分别就不同地区、年龄阶段、性别、海拔高度及不同类型养殖模式五种因素对BTV血清抗体阳性率影响进行分析。结果显示:贵州省7个市(州)的羊群均检出BTV血清抗体阳性样本,总体阳性率为25.79%(482/1869),各地区间存在差别,以黔东南州最高,铜仁市最低,但差异不十分显著;对不同养殖模式下羊群BTV血清抗体阳性率进行比较,呈现散养户>养羊小区>规模养殖场趋势;不同年龄阶段及性别对BTV血清抗体阳性率影响不大;不同海拔高度对BTV血清抗体阳性率影响呈现一定的规律性,海拔最低处羊群阳性率较低,700m以上海拔高度的羊群BTV抗体阳性率均较高,并且随着海拔不断升高又呈现下降趋势。研究结果表明,贵州省各地区均存在BTV隐性感染风险,应根据影响因素采取合理措施进行防控。

In order to understand sero-epidemiological situation of sheep bluetongue in various regions of Guizhou province for better early warning and reasonable disease prevention, 1869 sheep serum samples were collected from different regions of Guizhou province in 2012, for detection of sheep bluetongue antibody with ELISA method, and BTV antibody positive rates were analyzed with regard to the different regions, ages, gender, altitude and farming patterns. Results showed that positive serum antibody was detected in all the 7 cities in Guizhou province with a total positive rate of 25.79% （482/1869） , and there were some differences in different areas with the highest positive rate in Qiandongnan region and the lowest in Tongren region, but the difference was not obvious. As with different sheep farming patterns, the general positive rate trend was in the order of free-ranging households〉 sheep raising village〉intensive sheep farming. The impact of different age and gender on serum antibody positive rate was not big. Serum antibody positive rates at different altitudes appeared certain regularity： the positive rate at the lowest altitude was low, and was relatively high at the altitude of over 700m. However, with the rising of altitude, the serum antibody positive rate was declining. This study showed that latent BTV infection existed in various regions in Guizhou province, and reasonable and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken according to the different influencing factors.