从X-47B看美国无人作战飞机发展

A Survey of Unmanned Combat Aircraft System Development from X-47B

无人作战飞机代表了航空装备无人化发展的方向。美国X-47B无人作战飞机已经完成了航母上自主弹射起飞和拦阻着舰,标志着美军海空作战模式将发生革命性的改变。这是人类的一小步,但对于无人系统来说却是技术发展的一大步。文章以X-47B为例,回顾了美军无人作战飞机的发展历程,分析了美军对无人作战飞机的概念和认识的变化,以及无人作战飞机对未来空中作战的影响,总结了值得借鉴的经验和教训。

Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles （UCAVs） are typical representations of unmanned aviation assets. X-47B, one kind of U.S. UCAVs, has finished the flight tests, including autonomous catapult-assisted take-off and arrested deck-landing on a carrier, which indicates a revolutionary change of combat patterns of U.S. Navy and Air Force. ＂This was one small step for man, and one giant leap for unmanned kind.＂ Taking example by X-47B, this paper overviewed the development history of U.S. UCAVs, discussed the changes of U.S. concept and cognition for UCAVs, analysed the influence on future air combat patterns from UCAVs, and concluded some experience and lessons for reference.