高龄老人低钠血症病因分析及临床处理对策

The analysis of hyponatremia etiology and clinical treatment in elderly patients

目的探讨高龄老人低钠血症的临床病因和处理对策。方法回顾分析69例低钠血症高龄患者，记录患者年龄、性别、血钠、血氯、血钾具体数值，临床诊断和并发症，肌酐清除率，纠正电解质紊乱的治疗方案。结果轻度低钠血症最常见，最常见病因是呼吸系统感染，易合并低氯血症、低钾血症，经过临床处理1～2周电解质紊乱可纠正。结论高龄老人易出现低钠血症，临床表现不明显，应密切监测、早发现、早处理。

Objective To discuss hyponatremia clinical etiology and clinical treatment in elderly patients. Methods Retrospective analysis of 69 cases hyponatremia in elderly patients,patient age, gender,blood sodium, chlorine, potassium blood specific values,clinical diagnosis and complications, crcatinine clearance rate （Ccr）,correction of electrolyte disturbance and treatment scheme were recorded. Results Mild hyponatrem was the most common,the most common etiology was respiratory system infection, and easily complicated with hypochlorcmia and hypokalemia. Electrolyte disorders can be corrected by clinical treatment after 1 -2 weeks. Conclusions Elderly people prone to hyponatremia,and clinical performance is not obvious,it should closely monitor,be detected early and treated early.