青稞籽粒淀粉含量的差异

Difference of Starch Content in Hulless Barley

为筛选特色淀粉青稞材料，采用双波长法测定和分析了来自西藏、青海、甘肃、四川、国外的栽培青稞以及野生裸大麦共469个青稞材料的直链和支链淀粉含量。结果表明，这些青稞材料的直链淀粉含量平均为24．65％，变异范围为4．09％（昆仑8号）～39．72％（长芒红四棱），其中西藏材料最高（26．87％），甘肃材料最低（21．23％）；支链淀粉含量平均为31．76％，变异范围为15．24％（康青1号）～60．09％（喜玛拉雅2号），其中野生裸大麦最高（35．51％），西藏材料最低（30．17％）；总淀粉含量平均为56．00％，变异范围为31．28％（阿青5号）～74．41％（阿里当地青稞），以野生裸大麦最高（58．11％），青海材料最低（54．19％）。根据淀粉含量分布特征将不同来源青稞材料间直、支链及总淀粉含量都分成4个级别，这些青稞材料的直链淀粉含量主要分布在第3级，支链和总淀粉含量主要分布在第2级。从中筛选出18份具有特殊淀粉含量的青稞材料，可用于专用青稞的培育。

In order to know the grain starch content of hulless barley accessions from different zones and screen the hulless barley germplasm with special starch content, the starch content character of 469 hulless barley varieties from Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, abroad and wild naked barley ecog- enotypes were screened by using dual-wavelength method . The results showed that the average con- tent of amylose in those varieties varied from 4.09% （Kunlun 8） -39.72% （Changmanghongsileng） with the average of 24.65%. Tibet was the highest （26.87%）, the lowest varieties was from Gansu （21.23%） ; The average content of amylopectin in those varieties varied from 15.24% （Kangqing 1） -60.09% （Himalata 2） with the average of 31.76G, wild naked barley ecogenotypes possessed the highest content of amylopectin （35. 51%）, while Tibet varieties were with the lowest contents （30.17%）. The average content of starch in varieties varied from 31.28% （Aqing 5）-74.41% （Ali- dangdiqingke） with the average of 56.00%, while wild naked barley ecogenotypes were with the high- est content of total starch （58.11%）, the Qinghai varieties were the lowest （54.19%）. The 494 hul- less barley varieties from the different zones could be divided into four ranks by characteristics of amylase, amylopectin and total starch contents, respectively. Amylose was mainly distributed in the third rank, while amylopectin and total starch was mainly distributed in the second rank. At last, 18 hulless barley varieties with special character of starch content was obtained and could be used for the breeding of dedicated hulless barley.