基于压缩估计的单星观测定轨方法

The method for orbit determination of single satellite observation based on constringent estimation

分析了单星观测模式下的天基测控系统的可行性,并针对该观测模式下轨道确定中法矩阵的特点,提出了一种基于压缩估计的定轨方法,对法矩阵进行压缩变换,避免了法矩阵奇异造成的误差传递。证明了当满足一定条件时,该压缩方法的估计精度要高于传统的定轨方法。结合单星观测的特殊性,提出了误差传递因子,设计了单星观测下的压缩估计定轨算法。最后以单星模式下的天基测控系统作为仿真背景进行了仿真试验。结果表明,该压缩估计可有效提高单星观测模式下轨道确定的精度。

Feasibility of Space-based Tracking Telemetry and Command System （TT＆C） based on single satellite was analyzed.A new orbit determination method based on constringent estimation was proposed according to the mode of single satellite observation.In the process of the orbit determination,the law matrix was availably transformed by the constringent estimation to restrain error of singularity cased by law matrix.It was proved that the precision of constringent estimation is higher than the traditional method under the given conditions.Then the error transmitting coefficient （ETC） of observation was proposed,on the basis of the special characteristics of the single satellite observation,and the algorithm of orbit determination was designed.Finally the new method of constringent estimation was proved to be able to improve the precision of orbit determination in the mode of single satellite observation.