基于逆向Stirling循环的制冷机中功转化为热的比率

Ratio Converting Work into Heat in Refrigeration Engine Based on Reversed Stirling Cycle

以逆向Stirling循环为原理的理想气体的可逆制冷机中功转化为热的比率为η比率=-Q/W1=(T1-T2)/T1。在可逆制冷机中,实际气体和理想气体的功温比守恒。可逆过程的功温比是状态函数。文章提出了热力学第二定律的新表述,即不可能通过做功使之完全变为热量而不产生其它影响。可证明实际过程的功温比大于可逆过程的功温比,integral from n=j to i(δW)实际过程≥integral from n=j to i(δW)可逆过程。

The ratio converting work into heat is given by ηratio=-Q/W1=T1-T2/T1 for ideal gas in refrigeration engine based on reversed Stirling cycle. The quotient of work-temperature of ideal gas and real gases is conservation in reversible refrigeration engine. The quotient of work-temperature is state function in reversible process. A new formulation of the second law of thermodynamics is put forward in this paper, namely, no process is possible in which the sole result is complete converting work into heat. It is proved the quotient of work-temperature of real process is no less than the quotient of work-temperature of reversible process, namely,∫（δW/T）real process≥∫（δW/T）reversible process.