Nano-Al与HTPB、GAP和PET相互作用研究

Study on interactions of nano-Al with HTPB,GAP and PET

为改善含纳米铝粉的复合推进剂和PBX炸药的工艺性能,研究了nano-Al与端羟基聚丁二烯（HTPB）、聚叠氮缩水甘油醚（GAP）和环氧乙烷四氢呋喃共聚醚（PET）的相互作用.利用RS-300流变仪,探讨了3种粘合剂及nano-Al/粘合剂=1∶2时悬浮液的流变性能.结果表明,3种粘合剂表现出假塑性流体特征,表现粘度均小于3 Pa·s,自身分子链段之间相互作用较弱,在30 ～60℃内,随温度增加,nano-Al悬浮液表观粘度均减小,其中nano-Al/HTPB和nano-Al/GAP属于对温度较敏感假塑性流体,流动活化能分别为38.05 kJ/mol和52.07 kJ/mol,但nano-Al/PET属于对切变速率变化敏感宾汉流体,流动活化能仅1.506 kJ/mol.采用DCAT 21型动态接触角/表面张力仪测量了nano-Al、GAP、HTPB、PET的接触角,计算的nano-Al与3种粘合剂之间的粘合功W和铺展系数S大小次序为Wnano-Al/PET＞Wnano-Al/GAP＞ Wnano-Al/HTPB,Snano-Al/PET ＞ Snano-Al/GAP＞ Snano-Al/HTPB,说明nano-Al与3种粘合剂的相互作用大小次序为nano-Al/PET＞ nano-Al/GAP＞ nano-Al/HTPB,该结果与3种悬浮液表观粘度值趋势一致.

To improve the technological properties of composite propellants and PBX explosives containing nano-aluminum,interactions of nano-Al with Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene （HTPB）,glycidyl azide polymer（GAP） and poly （ethyleneoxide-cotetrafuran） （PET） were investigated.With RS-300 rheometer,rheological properties of three binders and nano-Al/binder suspensions in the mixing ratio of 1 ∶ 2 were discussed.Results show that three kinds of binders exhibit pseudoplastic characteristics with the apparent viscosity of less than 3 Pa · s,and have weak interaction between molecular chain segment of itself.Within 30 ～ 60 ℃,with temperature increasing,the apparent viscosity of nano-Al suspensions decreases,in which the nano-Al/HTPB and nano-Al/GAP belong to pseudoplastic fluid sensitive to temperature,with flow activation energy of 38.05 kJ/mol and 52.07 kJ/mol,respectively,but nano-Al/PET belongs to a bingham fluid sensitive to changes in the shear rate,with flow activation energy of only 1.506 kJ/mol.The contact angles of nano-Al,GAP,HTPB and PET were measured by means of dynamic contact angle/surface tension instrument.The calculated values of adhesion and spread coefficient of nano-Al with binders decrease in the order Wnano-Al/PET ＞Wnano-Al/GAP ＞ Wnano-Al/HTPB and Snano-Al/PET ＞ Snano-Al/GAP ＞ Snano-Al/HTPB· The results indicate that the interactions of nano-Al with binders decrease in the order nano-Al/PET ＞ nano-Al/GAP ＞ nano-Al/HTPB,which is consistent with the trends of apparent viscosity of the suspensions.