砂姜黑土玉米根系生长发育动态研究

Study on Growing Dynamic of Maize Root System in Shajiang Black Soil

采取盆栽与大田试验相结合的方法 ,研究了砂姜黑土玉米根系生长发育的动态变化。结果表明 :玉米单株根系干重及活力在吐丝后 15d达到最大 ,而后逐渐降低 ,根系总长度及干重最大日增量在大喇叭口～吐丝阶段 ;不同类型根系及不同层次节根长度、干重和活力动态变化趋势不同 ,层位愈高 ,根系长度、干重及活力愈大 ,且增降幅度愈强 ,在整个单株根系中 ,气生根占主导地位。玉米根系78%以上集中于 0～ 2 0 cm土层中 ,由上而下 ,根系分布逐渐减少 ;随着玉米的生长发育 ,土壤上层根系衰减较快 。

With the field and pot experiments, the dynamic growth of maize roots was studied, and the result showed that the maximum increased daily of the total length and dry weight of roots per plant were from big mouth stage to silking stage, the dry weight and activity of roots came to maximum value at 15 days after silking stage and declined gradually thereafter. The different root types and nodepositions were in different trend in length, dry weight and activity: the layer the higher, the length, dry weight and activity the longer, moreweight and stronger, and their changesweremore intensity, in the different root types, the aerial roots plays a leading role in maize growth later period. About 78% roots of the maize plant were distributed in 0～20 cm soil layer, by the growth of maize, the upper roots were decline and fall faster, and the lower root were increased smaller than other layer of roots.