闽南饲用(印度)豇豆的选育与应用

Breeding and Application of Vigna uniguiculata 'Minnan'

针对我国南方红壤丘陵区缺乏优质豆科牧草品种、生态退化等问题,对印度豇豆(Vigna uniguiculata)种质资源进行收集整理并开展了品比试验、区域试验、生产试验和综合利用系列研究。结果表明:闽南饲用(印度)豇豆(V.uniguiculata‘Minnan')具有生长覆盖速度快、产草量高、耐瘠、耐旱、耐酸等特点,对红壤山地有较强的适应性及生态保护效果,该品种区域试验平均鲜草产量34445 kg·hm^(-2),干草产量6120 kg·hm^(-2),种子产量1207kg·hm^(-2),生产试验平均鲜草产量51213 kg·hm^(-2),干草产量8023 kg·hm^(-2),种子产量1190 kg·hm^(-2),适宜在热带、亚热带新垦红壤地作先锋作物,用以改良土壤及水土保持,也可做绿肥和饲料利用。

Due to the lack of high quality legume and ecological degradation in hilly red soil region of south- ern China, the germplasm resource collection, variety comparative test, regional test, productivity test and comprehensive utilization of Vigna uniguiculata were carried out. Results showed that V. uniguicula- ta ＇Minnan＇ had the characteristics of growth, high yield, higher tolerance to drought, barren, acid and other features of the hilly red soil, and had stronger adaptability and ecological protection. The annual av- erage fresh yield, dry yield, seed yield of ＇Minnan＇ in regional test were 34445, 6120 and 1207 kg ·hm^-2 , respectively. The annual average fresh yield, dry yield, seed yield of ＇Minnan＇ in productivity test were 51213, 8023 and 1190 kg·hm^-2, respectively. Therefore, V. uniguiculata ＇Minnan＇ can be used as a suitable pioneer crop in new reclaimed red soil of tropical and subtropical regions for soil improvement, soil and water conservation. The plant of ＇Minnan＇ also can be used as forage and green manure.