诱导小麦孤雌生殖育种的研究

Study on the Induced Parthenogenetic Wheat Breeding

研究结果表明,采用异属花粉延迟授粉或化学药剂处理杂种一代植株,均能成功地诱导小麦孤雌生殖得到种子。经田间鉴定,孤雌生殖的后代绝大多数为纯合二倍体,只有极少数为不结实的单倍体。只需经过一次选择,即可得到后代一致的株系。从选出的孤雌后代品系试验结果看,生活力并未降低,有4个品系比推广品种增产4.28～7.92％。

The research results showed that both two methods could successfully inducedwheat parthenogenesis and get seeds by adopting different genetic class pollen to delaypollination or using chcmical medicine treating first-final generation. The results of thefield experiments also showed that: most of parthenogenetic generation were homozygositydiploid, only a few of them were sterility haploid. Through one time selecting, we couldget the same characteristic gcneration. Parthenogenetic strain experiments indicated that notonly livabitity of seeds didn't decline, but also four species increased production about 4. 26-7. 92% than other transfer species.