规权凝视下的儿童——试探《喧哗与骚动》中规权戕害儿童身心的伦理主题

Children Under the Disciplinary Gaze——On the Disciplinary Power in The Sound and the Fury

《喧哗与骚动》是福克纳的第一部成熟作品,也是一部南方家庭小说。它描述康普生夫妇几个子女所受的家庭教育状况,展现了美国南方旧的家庭传统对孩童身心的戕害,深刻揭示出封建制度的腐朽与没落。福柯认为家庭在西方规训社会中是规训权力运作的机构,父母通过各种规训技术来控制儿童,而凝视机制贯穿于规训权力的整个运作之中。文章通过解析昆丁、凯蒂、杰生、班吉以及小昆丁的家庭生活,深入探究他们如何在父母的规训权力凝视下,沦为南方旧传统道德的牺牲品。

The Sound and the Fury is the first mature novel of Faulkner, and also a novel on the southern family. It presents the lives of the five kids of the Compsons, conceals the alienation of children by the family tradition in the old South and exposes the decay of the feudal system. Foucault argues that in the Disciplinary Society in the western world, family is one disciplinary institution, where the parents control their children by using disciplinary methods. The pattern of gaze plays a very important role in the working process of Disciplinary Power. By analyzing the lives of Quentin, Caddy, Jason, Benjy and little Quentin, this paper tries to prove that they, under the gaze of the Disciplinary Power, become the victim of old southern tradition.