唐菖蒲茎尖脱毒培养技术及其在生产上的应用

Tissue Culture of Gladiolus hybrids Hort with Shoot Tips as Explants

唐菖蒲种球微小茎尖在MS+6-BA 1.0～1.5 mg·L-1+NAA0.1～0.15 mg·L-1的培养基上可诱导出丛生芽,每25 d继代扩繁1次,增殖系数为3～4倍;将无根苗接种到1/2 MS+NAA 0.3 mg·L-1的培养基上,15～20 d便可形成良好的根系;继续培养3～4个月,可形成试管小球茎。经检测,供试的5个品种的组培苗均未发现感染菜豆黄花叶病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒、烟草环斑病毒和蚕豆萎焉病毒,获得无病毒植株。将无毒试管小球茎作为原原种,在隔离网内进行栽培繁殖,可为大田生产提供无毒种球。

The shoot tips of the bulbs of Gladiolus hybrids were selected as explants for tissue culture. They were cultured on MS medium containing 1 -1.5 mg L-1 BA and 0.1 -0. 15 mg L- NAA and induced to produce clustered buds. The clustered shoots were proliferated 3 to 4 times every 25 days after the clustered buds were subcuhured. Rootless plantlets formed a strong root system on the 1/2 MS culture medium supplemented with 0.3 mg L-1 NAA in 15 to 20 days, and then produced in vitro bulbs after 3 to 4 months of subculture. Virus detection showed that the in vitro bulbs of 5 varieties of G. hybrids were free of bean yellow mosaic virus （BYMV）, cucumber mosaic virus （CMV）, tobacco ring spot virus （TRSV） and broad bean wilt virus （BB- WV）. These virus- free in vitro bulbs （initial bulbs） were cultivated in the net house for propagation of G. hy- brids. The virus-free bulbs propagated from the bulbs in the net house can be used for commercial cultivation in the field.