1993-2009年沈阳市成人膳食结构和营养状况变迁分析

Shenyang 1993-2009 adult dietary structure and the nutritional status of change analysis

目的通过监测和分析1993-2009年沈阳市成人居民在1993-2009年的食物消费、营养素摄入及健康状况等数据,了解沈阳市成人居民膳食结构与营养状况的变迁。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在沈阳市两个城市居委会和两个郊区进行膳食结构与营养状况调查。结果城市成人的植物性食物和动物性食物消费量均为下降趋势,而郊区均上升,城市脂肪供能比到2009年达到23.4%,郊区糖类摄入量到2009年达到70.1%,引起超重和肥胖人口所占比例提高,成人钙摄入不足的状况无显著改善,城市和郊区的维生素A、维生素B1和维生素B2摄入量明显不足,男性和女性其超重/肥胖率均呈现出波动增长的趋势,且男性超重/肥胖率增长幅度明显高于女性。结论沈阳市下一步的营养工作重点应放在调整营养不平衡上,提高豆类和奶类等富含钙质的健康食物的消费,降低富含脂肪的肉类和油类的消费;加大富含维生素A、维生素B1和维生素B2的食物的消费;扩大对成人超重/肥胖率的监测范围,做到及早进行合理饮食宣传和干预控制,防止慢性病范围进一步扩大。

Objective Through monitoring and analysis in shenyang adult residents in the years 1993 - 2009 food consumption, the intake of nutrients and health and other data, understand adult ＇dietary structure and shenyang nutritional status of change. Methods The multi-stage stratified sampling method, shenyang city residents＇ committees in two and two suburbs dietary structure and nutrition survey. Results The adult plant food city and animal food consumption are down trend, and suburbs are rising, city than adipose offer can reach 23.4 % by 2009, the suburbs carbohydrate intake to 2009 to 70.1%, cause overweight and obese people increase the proportion, the lack of calcium intake in adult no significant improvement, the city and the suburbs of vitamin A, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 intake obviously deficiencies, men and women are overweight/the obesity rate of both showed fluctuation growth trend, are overweight and obesity rate was significantly higher than the increase/women. Conclusion The nutrition of shenyang next work should focus on nutrition balance not adjust and improve the beans and milk products such as health food rich in calcium consumption, lower high fat meat and oil consumption; Increase the rich vitamin A, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 food consumption; Expand to adults are overweight or obesity rate monitoring range, do as reasonable diet propaganda and intervention control, to prevent further expand the scope of chronic diseases.