临床分离肺炎克雷伯菌的分布、耐药性及生物被膜形成能力的分析

Analysis of distribution,drug resistance and the ability of biofilm formation of clinically isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae

目的探讨临床分离肺炎克雷伯菌的分布、耐药性及生物被膜形成能力。方法分离临床送检标本的肺炎克雷伯菌,采用VITEK 2COMPACT全自动微生物鉴定/药敏分析仪进行细菌鉴定及微生物敏感性试验,采用半定量结晶紫染色法检测菌株的生物被膜形成能力。结果共检出肺炎克雷伯菌329株,其分布前3位的科室分别为呼吸科(33.13%)、神经外科(12.16%)和普外科(9.73%),在痰液和血液中的构成比最高。329株肺炎克雷伯菌菌株中,产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)菌株81株(24.62%),ESBL阴性菌株248株(75.38%),对3类以上抗菌药物耐药157株(47.72%)。65.05%的肺炎克雷伯菌株具有生物被膜形成能力,临床分离的各类标本中肺炎克雷伯菌的生物被膜形成能力比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论临床分离的肺炎克雷伯菌具有较强的耐药性及生物被膜形成能力。

Objective To investigate the distribution, drug resistance and the ability of biofilm formation of clinically isolated Klebsiella pneurnoniae. Methods Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from clinical samples. VITEK 2 COMPACT automated microbial identification/susceptibility analyzer was employed to conduct bacterial identification and microbial sensitivity tests. Semiquantitative crystal violet staining method was adopted to test the ability of biofilm formation of bacterial strains. Results A total of 329 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected. The top three department of its distribution were respiratory department （33.13 % ）, neurosurgery department （ 12.16 %） and general surgery department （ 9.73% ） and the constituent ratios of Klebsiella pneumoniae in sputum and blood were the highest. Among 329 Klebsiella pneurnoniae strains, 81 （24.62%） strains produced extended-spectrum β-lactamase（ESBL） ,248（75.38%） strains were ESBL negative and 157（47.72%） strains showed drug-resistance toward three categories of antibacterial agents. 65.05 % of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains possessed the ability of biofilm formation. When compared with the abilities of biofilm formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from different kind of clinical samples,the differences were not statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Clinically isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae has strong drug resistance and ability of biofilm formation.