男性同性恋人群的性取向成因研究

Study on the causes of sexual orientation of gay

目的 研究男性同性恋人群的性取向成因相关因素.方法 于2013年3-6月,以长沙市男性同性恋人群较集中的1个音乐吧、3个洗浴中心为调查现场,采用等比例整群抽样方法抽取男性同性恋者350名,同时根据同性恋人群的年龄、出生地及文化程度构成选取性取向为非同性恋的男性332名,对所有研究对象进行问卷调查,获得有效问卷各300份.问卷内容包括一般社会人口学资料、性格特征、幼儿时期培养教育及家族情况等,对比分析同性恋组和非同性恋组调查对象各指标的差异.结果 同性恋组与非同性恋组在以下方面差异有统计学意义（x2值分别为59.63、5.90、16.01、84.99、161.57、77.77、112.32、190.84、30.10,P值均＜0.05）,分别为父亲懦弱而母亲专横,少年时期具有体弱、不爱活动、不喜冒险、追求细节、过度保守等特征,小时候被当做女孩抚养,小时候喜欢扮作女孩,小时候不喜欢刀枪等玩具,高中毕业之前与异性交往受挫、有不愉快经历,18岁之前遭受过成年男性的性虐待（如被迫露阴、强迫性交）,18岁之前接触过有关同性恋的书籍、电影并从中体验到性快乐,同性恋组的比例分别为62.3％ （187/300）、57.7％（173/300）、62.3％ （187/300）、63.0％（189/300）、67.3％（202/300） 、62.7％（189/300）、68.0％（204/300）、65.0％（195/300）,非同性恋组分别为21.3％ （64/300）、28.0％ （84/300）、25.0％ （75/300）、12.7％（38/300）、31.3％ （94/300）、17.7％（53/300）、12.7％（38/300）、42.7％（128/300）.同性恋组家中兄弟排行最小,父亲、双胞胎兄弟有同性恋性取向或趋向的比例分别为62.7％（188/300）、56.0％（168/300）、18/29,非同性恋组分别为40.7％（122/300）、4.0％（12/300）、2/10,差异均具有统计学意义（x2值分别为34.52、193.14、5.27,P值均＜0.05）.结论 男性同性恋人群性取向与儿童时期家庭关系、培养教育、心理特质、青春期性经历等有关.

Objective To explore the relevant factors of the causes of sexual orientations of gay.Method From March to June 2013,350 gays were recruited from one music bar and three bath centers where gays frequently visited in Changsha city,by proportional stratified sampling method.Meanwhile,another 332 males who identify themselves as non-homosexuality were also recruited considering the composition of ages,gender and educational background.Questionnaire survey was conducted to all the subjects,with 300 effective ones reclaimed.The questionnaire included the general demographic information,traits of character,the condition of foster in childhood and information of family members.The differences between the gays and non-homosexuality groups were analyzed to explore the causes of the sexual orientations of gays.Results There were statistical significant differences between gays and non-homosexuality group on following indexes（x2 was 59.63,5.90,16.01,84.99,161.57,77.77,112.32,190.84,30.10 respectively,all of P ＜ 0.05）：had a tender father and an imperious mother,were physically weak,not agile,physically inactive,attentive to details,highly conservative,not adventurous,and radical in childhood,were raised as girls before the age of 18,liked to dress as girls before the age of 18,don＇t liked to play toy knives and toy guns before the age of 18,suffered from sexual abuse before the age of 18 （e.g.forced to expose private parts or forced to have sex） by adults,had read or watched books or films about homosexual and experienced sexual pleasure from that before the age of 18.The rate of gays on these indexes was separately 62.3％（187/300）,57.7％ （173/300）,62.3％ （187/300）,63.0％ （189/300）,67.3％ （202/300）,62.7％（189/300）,68.0％ （204/300）,65.0％ （195/300） and the rate on these indexes of non-homosexuality group was separately 21.3％ （64/300）,28.0％ （84/300）,25.0％ （75/300）,12.7％ （38/300）,31.3％（94/300）,17.7％ （53/300）,12.7％ （38/300）,42.7％ （128/300）.The rate of gays on these factors：the youngest boy in family,had the father or twin brothers who were homosexual or self identified as gay was 62.7％ （188/300）,56.0％ （168/300） and 62.0％ （18/29） respectively; and the rate was 40.7％（122/300）,4.0％ （12/300） and 20.0％ （2/10）,respectively among non-homosexuality group.The difference showed statistical significance （x2 was 34.52,193.14,5.27 respectively,all of P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusion The correlative factor of sexual orientation of gays maybe was family relationship,tend and education since childhood,psychological characteristics,sexual experience during puberty.