论新型城镇化的制度诉求及建构路径

On Institutional Request and Building Paths of New-style Urbanization

新型城镇化具有五大基本内核:农民工市民化是核心,公共服务均等化是保障,壮大二、三产业是基础,城乡协调发展是根本,城市文化建设是灵魂。推进新型城镇化主要面临五大制度诉求:土地制度从城乡分割到城乡一体,财政转移支付制度从专项转移支付到一般性转移支付,身份制度从身份特权到契约平等,府际关系从竞争到合作,决策制度从个人决策到民主决策。因此,推动新型城镇化健康快速发展要求处理好五大关系:正确处理政府与市场的关系,推进土地、人力、资本三大资源要素价格形成机制改革;正确处理中央与地方的关系,推进上、下级政府间权责合理配置;正确处理政府与社会的关系,健全城镇建设民主管理体制;正确处理农村与城市的关系,完善统筹城乡一体化发展体制;正确处理速度与质量的关系,建立新型城镇化考核指标体系。

The new-style urbanization includes five fundamental kernels such as the core, urbanization of migrant- worker; the security, public service equalization; the basis, the development of secondary and tertiary industries; the key, harmonious development between urban and rural areas; and the soul, urban cultural construction. The promotion of the new-style urbanization faces five institutional appeals such as land system from urban-rural separation to urban-rural integration, financial transfer payment system from specific transfer payment to general transfer payment, identity system from identity privilege to contract equalization, inter-government relation from competition to cooperation, and decision-making system from individual decision-making to democratic decision- making. Thus, rapid and healthy development of new-style urbanization accelerated needs to deal with five relations such as properly dealing with the relation between governments and market, pushing forward the reform of price formation mechanism of the three factors such as land, human resources and capital, properly dealing with the relation between central government and local governments, reasonably allocating the rights and responsibilities between upper level governments and lower level governments, properly dealing with the relation between governments and society, perfecting urban construction and democratic management system, properly dealing with the relation between urban and rural areas, perfecting overall urban and rural development system, properly dealing with the relation between speed and quality, and setting up examination indicator system for new-style urbanization.