风景园林三元论

On the Trialism of Landscape Architecture

探讨风景园林的哲学本体认识论、方法论、实践论。针对风景园林一元论和二元论的不足,基于近20年的研究实践积累,从哲学的存在、意义、追求3个基本方面,分析认识风景园林的本体,提出构建了由"环境生态""行为活动"和"空间形态"三元一体的风景园林三元认识论、方法论、实践论,阐述了风景园林的本质是三元耦合互动的理念。在此基础之上,提出了基于三元论的风景园林学科目标、本体内涵与学科专业外延以及各三元本体多层面元素的扩展细分,初步构建了风景园林三元论元素、要素、因素、评价、实践等多层级体系。以近20年的研究与实践论证了风景园林三元论在风景园林学科建设与专业教育、风景园林科学技术研究、风景园林专业实践三方面的应用演进。

The paper explores the philosophical ontology epistemology, methodology, and the theory of practice in landscape architecture. Aiming at the shortage of monism and dualism in landscape architecture, based on the accumulation of research and practice, and from the being, meaning or significance of existence and the pursuit of philosophy, the trialism of landscape architecture, three in one, constructed by the ＂environment and ecology＂, ＂behavior and activity ＂ and ＂space and fbrm＂ is established, and the essence of landscape architecture is the concept of coupling interaction of the three elements. On this basis, the paper puts forward three elements of the ontology connotation of landscape architecture discipline, the inter-discipline of landscape architeclure, and the three element body level elements based on extended subdivision, and the system of the trialism of landscape architecture of elements, factors, evaluation, and practice is initially established. The application and evolution of the trialism of landscape architecture on three aspects, discipline construction and professional education in landscape architecture, landscape science and technology research, landscape professional practice, is proved by the researches and practices during the past 20 years.