肾脏毛细淋巴管的超微结构及分布的研究

Study of the distribution and morphologic feature of the renal lymphatics

目的观察毛细淋巴管在肾脏的分布及淋巴管超微结构,以明确肾脏转运大分子物质和组织液进入淋巴循环的生理基础。方法 Wistar大鼠20只,每只动物取肾组织用免疫荧光双标法,即Podoplanin和CD34分别标记淋巴管和血管,应用荧光显微镜分别观察并拍照,以观察鼠肾起始淋巴管在肾脏分布。利用透射电镜观察淋巴管超微结构,包括毛细淋巴管的一般特征、内皮细胞的连接、质膜小泡的形态和分布。结果经免疫荧光双重染色,光镜下可见毛细血管呈红色、毛细淋巴管呈绿色,区别明显。淋巴管形态不规则,管腔大,壁薄。淋巴管主要位于富含结缔组织区,大鼠肾脏皮质淋巴管明显多于髓质。电镜下见毛细淋巴管的形状极不规则,毛细淋巴管的管壁较薄,毛细淋巴管内皮细胞无窗孔,基膜很薄,不连续或缺如,可见细胞内通道样结构,淋巴管内皮细胞中富含细胞器和质膜小泡。内皮细胞以重叠连接为主,在内皮细胞的连接处可见有黏着装置。毛细淋巴管的内皮细胞中含有极其丰富、大小不等的质膜小泡。质膜小泡多数游离于细胞质内。结论大鼠肾脏淋巴系统内大量质膜小泡和通道样结构的存在,正是肾脏转运大分子物质和组织液进入淋巴循环的生理基础。

Objective To observe the fine distribution and morphologic feature of the intrarenal lymphatics. Methods 20 Wistar rats were involved in this study and nephridial tissues were obtained from each animal. Double immunofluorescence was applied to detect the lymphatic distribution by using Podoplanin and CD34. Renal tissues were obtained from the cortex, medulla and junctional zone, and put in 3 % glutaric dialdehyde stationary liquid for Iransmission electron microscope to observe the fine distribution and morphologic feature of the intrarenal lymphatics. Results Under immunofluorescence double staining, lymphatic capillary appeared anomalism, large lumina, lhin wall and located in connective tissue region. Cortilymph obviously exceeded medulla lymph in rats. Under electron microscope, the basal lamina of lymphatic was discontinuity. A lot of lysosome and vesicles existed in the endothelial of capillary lymphatics. Many of the vesicles liberated in cytoplasm. The intercellular junctions of the renal lymphatics were held in close apposition. Conclusion The intercellular junctions of the renal lymphatics are held in close apposition by adhesion devices. A lot of lysosomes and vesicles exist in the endothelial of capillary lymphatics, which are the base for renal to transport big molecules and fluids.