维生素D缺乏对宫内胎鼠发育的影响

Effects of vitamin D deficiency on pregnancy and fetal development in mice

目的探讨孕前和孕期母体维生素D缺乏对胎鼠妊娠率、死亡和宫内生长发育的影响。方法 8周龄ICR雌鼠随机分为对照组(n=20)和维生素D缺乏组(VDD组,n=20)。对照组喂养标准饲料(维生素D3>800 IU/kg),VDD组喂养维生素D缺乏饲料(维生素D3<25 IU/kg),适应性喂养2周后与雄鼠按4∶2交配,以查到阴栓者认为交配成功,并定为受孕第0天(GD0),以完成整个妊娠过程的定为受孕成功,记录受孕成功数。所有孕鼠均于GD18剖杀,统计活胎、死胎和吸收胎数,称量活胎体重,测量活胎鼠身长,并对胎鼠骨骼发育情况进行评价。结果与对照组比较,VDD组妊娠率明显下降(P<0.05);VDD组平均每窝死胎数显著高于对照组,胎鼠均重和胎盘均重显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。骨骼检查发现,母鼠维生素D缺乏饮食导致胎鼠肋骨畸形和尾椎骨骨化不全(P<0.05)。结论孕前和孕期母体维生素D缺乏引起妊娠率下降、胎鼠死亡和宫内生长发育迟缓。

Objective To investigate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on pregnancy and fetal development in mice. Methods All female ICR mice were randomly divided into two groups. In control group, mice were fed with standard feeds （vitamin D3 〉 800 IU/kg）. In vitamin D deficiency group （VDD） , female mice were fed with feeds with vitamin D depletion （vitamin D3 〈 25 IU/kg）. For mating purposes, four females were housed overnight with two males starting at 9 ： 00 PM. Females were checked 7 ： 00 AM the next morning, and the presence of a vaginal plug was designated as gestational day （GD） 0. All pregnancy mice were sacrificed on GD18. For each litter, the number of live fetuses, dead fetuses and resorption sites were counted. Live fetuses in each litter were weighed. Crown-rump lengths were examined. And skeletal development of all live fetuses in each litter was evaluated. Results The pregnancy rate was lower in VDD group than that in control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The number of live fetuses was significantly decreased（P 〈0. 05）. By contrast, the numbers of dead fetuses and resorption sites were sig- nificantly increased（P 〈 0.05 ）. In addition, the average weights of fetuses and placenta were reduced in vitamin D deficiency group. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency resulted in skeletal development retardation in fetuses. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency impairs pregnancy and developmental outcomes in mice.