清代新疆对灾荒的勘灾审户制度研究

A Study on the Natural Disaster Investigation System and Household Registeration System during the Qing Dynasty

本文通过对清文献资料的梳理,初步分析了清政府对新疆地区的救灾体制及其清代新疆勘灾审户程序的形成和演变。说明清代新疆对灾荒的勘灾审户制度在长期实施过程中逐渐完善规范。既相对严密而又具有一定灵活性,不仅体现了新疆这种偏远地区的地方特色,而且也具有新疆地方行政制度逐渐与内地划一的职能。这些救荒措施不仅在当时起到了积极的效果,而且在当今全国各地援疆建设中为国家减灾救灾事宜具有重要的借鉴价值。

The paper at issue analyses, based on the Qing written documents in the disaster relief system and traces the formation and the evolution of the system during the Qing dynasty. The natural disaster investigation system and household registeration system had been become more standardised and effective in its long term regulation during the Qing Dynasty. Regionally, this system was featured with its relative rigorousity and flexibility in Xinjiang during Dynasty and functionally the local administration system of Xinjiang integrated in to the the Qing system of mainland of China. The disaster relief measures played an affective role in Xinjiang and at the same time the system was used for references for the disaster relief operation in the country.