专项健康教育对直肠癌永久性结肠造口患者术后自我护理的影响

The effect of self nursing special health education in patients with permanent colostomy for rectal cancer after operation

目的；探讨专项健康教育对直肠癌永久性结肠造口患者术后自我护理的影响。方法：选取我院行永久性结肠造口术治疗直肠癌的患者224例，随机分为对照组和观察组，每组112例，对照组患者采用常规护理，观察组患者在常规护理基础上再予以专项健康教育，比较两组患者术后并发症发生率、自我护理能力情况。结果：护理后，两组患者护理的自我护理能力都有明显提高，但观察组患者的提高程度明显高于对照组，组间比较差异具有显著性。观察组患者术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组患者，组间比较差异具有显著性。结论：专项健康教育可以提高患者的自我护理能力，降低术后并发症的发生率，提高患者的生活质量和健康状况。

Objective： to study the health education for rectal cancer patients underwent colostomy permanent postoperative self--care. Methods：selected 2010--2013 line and our permanent colostomv treatment of colorectal cancer patients as the researeh object,according to the postoperative nursing content is different, divided into observation group and control group. The observation group of patients 112 cases on the basis of conventional nursing, special health ed- ucation,increase the control group, 112 cases of patients with only a routine care. By comparing the two groups before and after patient care self nursing ability score （ESCA）, patients with postoperative complieations,and discharge the back case and evaluation of health education for rectal cancer patients underwent colostomy permanent postoperative self--care. Results：the self care ability score comparison, patients score before and after treatment were obviously, was statistically significant）. But comparisons between groups, observation group of patients with self--care score significantly higher than the control group after treatment,there is statistically significant）. Two groups of patients had occurred incision hernia,colostomy stenosis as well as the surrounding skin inflamma tion, eolostomy bleeding, retraction and prolapse of common complications, complications observation group of obvious advantages, other indigenous population defecate in patients with the same observation group is more significant. Conclusion： Health education can improve the patients＂ self--care ability includes the understanding of disease,all kinds of habits and customs,etc. ,as soon as possible to help patients to accept most of the rectum and anus underwent colostomy substitute exists, and improve the treatment of the patient＇s life and health.