家庭随访指导老年患者鼻饲护理的效果评价

Effects of Health Education during Follow-up Visits on Nasal Tube Feeding in Elder Patients

目的对家庭随访指导老年患者鼻饲护理的效果进行评价。方法对已经通过科研项目验收的"家庭随访指导提高院外老年鼻饲病人家庭管理能力"的技术进行临床推广。采用方便取样法,将2009年1月-12月金华市5家县市级医院出院的45例老年鼻饲病人设为对照组,实施常规护理指导。将2010年1月-12月金华市5家县市级医院出院的45例老年鼻饲病人设为观察组,采用电话随访、上门家访形式进行家庭随访指导。评价家庭随访指导后院外家庭老年病人鼻饲相关并发症、意外拔管发生率、吞咽功能有没有改善。结果家庭随访指导后鼻饲相关并发症明显低于对照组(P<0.01),意外拔管发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.01),吞咽功能明显改善(P<0.01)。结论家庭随访指导能明显减少鼻饲相关并发症和意外拔管的发生率,改善吞咽功能,值得临床推广。

Objective： To evaluate the effects of health education during follow-up on nasal tube feeding in eider patients. Methods： The technology generated from the scientific project ＂Enhancing family management on nasal tube feeding in out-of-hospital elder patients by health education during follow-up＂ was put into clinical practice. Convenient sampling was applied in the study for sample selection. 45 patients under nasal tube feeding discharged from 5 county-level hospitals in linhua City during January and December of 2009 were assigned to the control group given routing nursing care. 45 patients under nasal tube feeding discharged from 5 county-level hospitals in Jinhua City during January and December of 2010 were assigned to the observation group given health education during telephone or household follow-up visits. The complication rate, unplanned extubation rate and swallowing function were evaluated in the study. Results： After health education, the observation group had significantly lower complication rate （P〈0.01）, lower unplanned extubation rate （P〈0.01） and improved swallowing function （P〈0.01） than the control group. Conclusion： Health education during follow-up visits is conducive to reducing complication rate and unplanned extubation rate and improving swallowing function in patients under nasal tube feeding and thus it is worthy to be put into more clinical practice.