芒市傣族的“咋尬”仪式及其年龄群体与社会生活

On the “Zaga” Rituals,Age-groups and Social Life of the Dai People in Mangshi

在田野调查基础上对云南芒市傣族村寨的"咋尬"仪式进行了重点描述。认为无论从名称、内容和形式来看,还是从活动的主体来看,"咋尬"都具有一种兼跨神圣和凡俗的特性,把神圣时空与日常生产生活连接成了一个连贯统一的整体。佛教信仰、对世俗声望的追求和年龄群体的压力一起,使"咋尬"这样的公共活动中的"做好事"价值观从个人性的功德变成了当地社会生活中的一种"公德"。对于仪式研究来说,在不忽略其神圣性的基础上,结合仪式之外的更广阔、更凡俗的日常生产生活场景,从社会生活整体的角度展开分析,具有重要的意义。

Based on fieldwork study on the ＂Zaga＂ ritual in Dai villages of Yunnan province , the author argues that the ＂ Zaga＂ ritual is characterized by both divinity and seeularity, judged from either its name. contents and forms or the participating subjects. It connects the divine space and daily trivial lives as an integrated whole. Buddhist beliefs, the pursuit of secular prestige, and pressure from age-groups, jointly act in changing values of conducting good deeds in pub-lic activities, such as the ＂Zaga＂ rituals, from personal ＂merit-making＂ into the public social ethic ＂merit-making＂ of the Dai villagers. Regarding of ritual stud-ies, it is important to make a holistic analysis on people＇s social life, combining rituals with broader and more secular daily lives outside of the ritual circum- stances when concerning the divinity of them at the same time.