中小城市——法国国土开发的催化剂

Small and Medium-sized Cities as Catalysts for Territorial Development in France

法国有大量的中小城市,这些城市在1945—1973年间经历了急剧的人口和经济增长。从那以后,中小城市的活力与大聚落的活力就不相上下。半个多世纪以来,小城市发展的重要因素是欧洲的农业政策,中型城市则受益于法国的国土规划政策。然而无论中型城市还是小城市又各自有其内生的发展,主要因为它们提供的良好生活环境可以促进住宅经济发展。法国北方分布较多工业,只要它们懂得创新之道就能抵抗风险;南方以旅游业为主,是全球旅游的胜地。总之,中小城市以它们特有的吸引力为国土的发展做出了贡献。

There are a large number of small and medium-sized cities in France. They went through a radical demographical and economical growth from 1945 to 1975. Since then, the vigour of them has been no less than that of large agglomerations. The European agricultural policy is a very important factor to the development of the small cities during the past half century. Speaking of medium-sized cities, they have profited a lot from the national policy of territorial planning. However, both small and medium-sized cities enjoy a kind of innate development, for they provide good quality of life which can promote residential economy there. Industries are dense in the north of France, and once they know how to innovate, they are capable of surviving. While in the south, tourism is crucial for being the world＇ s major tourist destination. In all, small and medium-sized cities, by their attraction, promote the territorial development of the country.