苜蓿皂甙对京海黄鸡生长性能和肉品质的影响

Effect of Alfalfa Saponins on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Jinghai Yellow Chicken

本试验将320只1日龄京海黄鸡(J×J)随机分为4组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.03%、0.06%、0.09%苜蓿皂甙,进行112 d的饲养试验,研究苜蓿皂甙对京海黄鸡生长性能和肉品质的影响。结果表明:在生长初期,日粮中添加高浓度的苜蓿皂甙(0.09%)可显著抑制京海黄鸡的生长性能(P<0.05);在4周龄后,较低浓度的添加量(0.03%、0.06%)对生长性能表现出一定的促进作用,而高浓度虽然表现出抑制作用,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。添加苜蓿皂甙能一定程度上改善肉色,降低失水率和剪切力(P<0.05),提高肌肉pH、水分含量和粗蛋白含量;同时还能降低脂肪及胆固醇含量(P<0.05),综合分析,日粮中添加0.09%的苜蓿皂甙对京海黄鸡生长前期不利,0.03%和0.06%的添加量对其生长中后期有一定促进作用;0.06%和0.09%的添加量可不同程度地改善其肉品质。因此,在其日粮中添加0.06%的苜蓿皂甙较为合理。

A study using 320 one-day-old Jinghai yellow chickens （J×J） was conducted to assess the effects of alfalfa saponins on the growth performance and meat quality of Jinghai yellow chicken. The chicks were divided into 4 groups： control group were fed basal diet while other three groups were fed basal diet with 0.03%, 0.06% and 0.09% alfalfa saponins respectively. By 112-day-old, research the growth performance and meat quality of breast muscles and leg muscles. The results showed that in the initial stage, growth performance decreased at high concentration （P〈 0.05）, in next stages it can be improved at low concentration and still decreased at high concentration （P〉0.05）. Adding alfalfa saponin can develop meat color, decrease water loss rate and shear stress, increase pH and water content, meanwhile, it can decrease fat and cholesterol content and increase crude protein content. In summary, adding 0.09% alfalfa saponins is not good for growth performance while 0.03% and 0.06% can improve that, meanwhile 0.06% and 0.09% can improve meat quality of Jinghai yellow chicken. Thus the appropriate concentration is 0.06%.