金属半球壳压缩力学性能实验和模拟研究

NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE COMPRESSIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METALLIC HEMISPHERE SHELLS

金属空心球结构是一种新型的多孔金属材料,对金属半球壳压缩力学性能的研究是研究整体材料力学性能的基础。通过一系列准静态压缩实验,研究了金属半球壳受刚性球、刚性平板及三种不同截面积的刚性圆柱压缩下的变形形貌及屈服极限、弹性模量等力学性能,分析了球壳受不同压头压缩时的变形规律。通过建立与实验对应的数值模型,对金属半球壳进行了压缩数值模拟,分析了其力学性能。研究表明:金属半球壳的屈服极限和弹性模量均与平面压头的截面积无关,屈曲应力则随刚性圆柱形压头截面积增大而增大,半球壳压缩吸能性能随压头面积减小而降低。

A metallic hollow sphere structure is a new type of porous metal materials. The research of compressive mechanical properties of a metallic hemisphere shell is a foundation work. It contributes to the study of mechanical properties of the whole material. Based on the quasi-static compression experiments of metallic hemisphere shells loaded by a rigid sphere, a rigid plate, and three kinds of rigid cylinders, the deformation morphologies and mechanical properties are obtained, and the deformation rules of shells compressed by different pressure heads are discussed. Their mechanical properties are analyzed by numerical simulation under the models corresponding to experiments. It is found that the yield limit and elastic modulus of metallic hemisphere shells are independent to the cross area of a plane head. The buckling stress increases with the increase of the cross area of a cylinder. And the energy absorbing decreases with the decrease of the contact area between a shell and a pressure head.