云南高原盆地城市水源地针叶林枯落物持水效应研究

Water-holding Effects of Coniferous Forest Litters of City Water Source in Yunnan Plateau Basin

对昭通市渔洞水库、蒙自市菲白水库、保山市北庙水库和昆明市松华坝水库等典型的云南高原盆地城市水源地针叶林枯落物持水效应研究分析表明:①昭通市渔洞水库水源地针叶林枯落物总厚度和总蓄积量最大,分别为8.25cm和14.28t/hm2,而滇中地区(楚雄市九龙甸水库、昆明市松华坝水库和云龙水库、玉溪市东风水库)的最小,分别为1.56cm和5.06t/hm2;②针叶林枯落物持水量与浸泡时间存在着显著的对数函数关系,吸水速率与浸泡时间存在着显著的幂函数关系;③昭通市渔洞水库水源地针叶林枯落物最大持水量、有效拦蓄量、林地表层土壤自然含水率和土壤有机质含量均最大,分别为26.92t/hm2、16.22t/hm2、34.55%和1.71%,而滇中地区针叶林枯落物最大持水量、有效拦蓄量和林地表层土壤自然含水率最小,分别为9.70t/hm2、5.90t/hm2和17.39%,而土壤有机质含量也较小,为0.80%。

Through researching and analyzing the water-holding effect of coniferous forest litter in the urban water resource oi the typical Yunnan Plateau Basin, such as Yudong reservoir in Zhaotong city, Feihai reservoir in Mengzi city, Beimiao reservoir in gaos- han city, and Songhuaba reservoir in Kunming city, the results are showed as the fllowings：@The total thickness and volume of the litter in Yudong reservoir in Zhaotong city are the largest, which are 8.25 cm and 14. 28 t/hm2 , but in the middle of Yunnan Province （Jiulongdian reservoir in Chuxiong city, Songhuaba reservoir in Kunming city, Yunlong reservoir, Dongfeng reservoir in Yuxi city）, they are the smallest one, 1.56 cm and 5.06 t/hm2. @There is an obvious logarithmic function relationship between the water reten- tion capacity and soaking time, and an obvious power function relationship between the water absorption rate and soaking time. （2） The maximum water holding capacity, modified interception amount, woodland topsoil of natural moisture content and soil organic matter content of fitter in Yudong reservoir in Zhaotong city are the biggest, they are 26.92 t/hm2 , 16. 22 t/hm2 , 34. 55%and 1.71%, respectively, however, the values of those are the smallest in the middle of Yunnan Province, they are 9. 70 t/hm2, 5.90 t/hm2 , 17. 39% and 0. 80%~,respectively.