宁夏某医学院校大学生牙周健康状况及相关病因的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of periodontal health status and related cause of disease among students in a medical university of Ningxia

目的:调查研究宁夏某医学院校在校大学生的牙周健康状况、保健行为等信息,提示相关危险因素,为制定该地大学生口腔健康保健策略和方法提供科学依据。方法:采取世界卫生组织口腔健康调查基本方法并参考第3次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,对540名学生进行检查和问卷调查,检查项目包括牙龈出血、牙结石、牙周袋、牙周附着丧失;问卷调查包括30项内容。结果:(1)540名大学生牙龈出血、牙结石、牙周袋、牙周附着丧失≥4 mm的检出率分别为100%、95%、57%、6%,且阻生齿在牙周袋检出学生中的相关发生率为32%。统计分析表明,男生和女生牙周袋检出率之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而牙周附着丧失≥4 mm及牙石的检出率之间的差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);大一至大五各年级学生牙周袋检出率之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);口腔与非口腔专业学生牙周袋检出率之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)非条件logistic回归多因素分析表明年龄、性别、出生于城市、饭后食物嵌塞、口腔颌面部受过外伤、汉族与牙周袋的检出率有关系。结论:(1)该校大学生牙周健康状况不佳,需加强口腔保健知识的宣传教育;(2)性别是保护性因素,而年龄越大、出生于城市、饭后食物嵌塞、口腔颌面部受过外伤、为汉族的大学生,牙周袋的检出风险高,即患牙周炎的风险大。

Objective：To investigate periodontal health status, health behavior and the relevant risk factors among students in a medi- cal university of Ningxia and to provide scientific basis for formulating oral health care strategies and methods. Methods：According to the criterion issued by WHO on the basic methods of oral health investigation and the third China oral health epidemiology survey protocol,we conducted inspection and questionnaire for 540 students.The inspection items included bleeding gums, dental calculus, periodontal pocket and periodontal attachment loss. The questionnaire included 30 items. Results：（ 1 ）Among 540 students,incidences of bleeding gums,dental calculus,periodontal pocket and periodontal attachment loss ≥4 mm were 100%,95%,57% and 6%,re- spectively. Incidences of impacted tooth among students with periodontal pocket were 32%. There were statistical significances in in- cidences of periodontal pocket between male and female（P〈0.01 ）;there was no statistical significance in incidences of periodontal at- tachment loss ≥ 4 mm and dental calculus between male and female （all P 〉0.05）. There were statistical significances in incidences of periodontal pocket among students in different grades（P〈0.01 ）;there was no statistical significance in incidences of periodontal pocket between oral and non oral majors （P〉0.05）. （2）Unconditional logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that age, gender, born in the city, food impaction after a meal, oral and maxillofacial trauma and Han nationality were correlated with incidence of periodon- tal pocket. Conclusions ： （ 1 ）Oral periodontal health status of the university students are not ideal.It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda of oral health knowledge to students. （2）Gender is a protective factor. Old age, born in the city, food impaction after a meal, oral and maxillofacial trauma and Han nationality are risk factors.