二氧化锰纳米材料在锂离子电池负极材料中的应用

Applications of MnO_2 nanomaterials as an anode for lithiumion batteries

锂离子电池作为清洁、高效、便携的储能方式之一,在很多领域都具有广阔的应用前景.如何实现高容量、大功率和长寿命的锂离子电池,依赖于其中各核心部件的结构设计和性能提升.MnO2由于其较高的理论比容量、较低的放电平台、价格低廉和环境友好等优点,在锂离子电池负极材料的应用上具有很大的潜力.针对MnO2作为负极材料可能存在的问题,可以通过纳米化、孔洞化和增强导电性等多种策略,改变电极材料的结构和成分以适应充放电过程,实现锂电性能的不断改善和提高.本文总结了近年来基于MnO2纳米材料的锂离子电池负极材料的研究成果,并对其未来的研究方向进行了展望.

Lithium-ion batteries as one of clean, portable and high-efficiency energy-storage devices, have exhibited promising potentials in many fields. MnO2 as an anode of lithium-ion batteries shows a lot of advantages, such as a high theoretical capacity, a low electrochemical motivation force, a high abundance, as well as a low contamination to environment. But MnO2 also faces to a couple of challenges, including a poor electronic conductivity and a severe volume change during the discharge/charge processes. In order to address these issues, several strategies have been applied to control the shape, size, structure and surface modification of MnO2 for the improved performances in lithium-ion batteries. The related studies have been summarized and discussed in this mini-review. Finally, there are still many ambiguous scenes for MnO2 as an anode, which deserves the future efforts on this topic.