产后1年内意外妊娠妇女避孕状况调查

The analysis of the contraception condition of postpartum women with unintended pregnancy within 1 year

目的通过调查产后意外妊娠妇女的避孕状况,探讨产后避孕失败的原因。方法将2008年11月至2013年5月北京大学人民医院计划生育科189例产后1年内意外妊娠妇女作为研究组,同期326例产后1年内未妊娠妇女作为对照组,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果研究组妇女的平均年龄[(30.15±4.15)岁]与对照组[(33.51±6.03)岁]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组妇女的文化程度及职业比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组未避孕率(28.57%,54/189)与对照组(19.94%,65/326)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组妇女中,阴道分娩组未避孕率(20.93%,27/129)与剖宫产组(45.00%,27/60)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组因避孕措施失败而导致意外妊娠135例(71.43%),其采用的避孕方法分别为避孕套107例(79.26%),安全期21例(15.56%),体外排精6例(4.44%),宫内节育器1例(0.74%)。结论不避孕或使用效果不稳定的避孕方法,是导致妇女产后1年内意外妊娠的主要原因。

Objective To investigate the contraception condition of postpartum women with unintended pregnancies and the reasons of their contraceptive failure. Methods We retrospective analyzed 189 cases of postpar- tum women with unintended pregnancy within 1 year in Peking University People＇s Hospital from November 2008 to May 2013 （study group）, 326 cases of postpartum women without pregnancy during the same period consisted the control group. Results The mean age of the study group was （30.15±4. 15） years old and （33.51±6.03） years old in control group （P〈0. 05）. We also compared the education level and occupation of the two groups, the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. Among the 189 women, there were 54 cases （28. 57%） with- out any contraceptive measures, while it was 19.94% （65/326） in control group （P〈0. 05）. The contraception rate of in vaginal delivery group was significantly lower than that in cesarean delivery group （P〈0. 05）. The pro- portion of failure contraceptive methods of the study group was. condoms 107 （79.26%）, rhythm 21 （15.56%）, onanism 6 （4.44%） and IUD 1 （0. 74%） . Conclusions No birth control or use of unstable contraceptive meth- ods are the main reasons leading to unintended pregnancy within 1 year.