论不可抗力

On Force Majeure

不可抗力作为法定免责事由是过错原则的体现。侵权责任与合同责任均适用不可抗力。不可抗力的判断标准应兼顾主客观两方面的因素。政府行为不应包括在不可抗力中 ,技术风险则应包括在不可抗力中。不可抗力既不同于商业风险 ,也不同于情势变更。个案中应根据不可抗力对法律关系的实际影响而确定其效力。

Force Majeure is a legal reason for exemption embodied in the principle of fault liability,which is applied in determining the liability for tort and contract liability.Both subjective and objective conditions should be taken into consideration simultaneously in establishing the criteria of force majeure.Governmental action should not be rendered as force majeure,whereas technical risk may be included.Force majeure is different either from commercial risk,or from situation change.The effect of force majeure upon a particular case should be determined according to its actual influence on legal relations.