采收期对白花蛇舌草产量和品质的影响及最佳采收期的确定

Effects of harvest time on yield and quality of Hedyotis diffusa and determination of its optimal harvest time

在大田试验条件下,探讨了白花蛇舌草不同采收期的农艺性状、干物质积累及各种有效成分的变化.结果表明,从08-03到10-02白花蛇舌草干物质积累量逐渐增加,由于叶的脱落,09-12后干物质积累增加缓慢;各种有效成分含量变化规律不同,齐墩果酸和熊果酸前期升高,后期下降,最高值在09-12;氨基酸和总黄酮的含量均在08-03最大,以后逐渐下降;多糖含量在9月份达到较高水平,以后逐渐下降;总蒽醌含量在前期较稳定,09-12后下降.根据各有效成分对白花蛇舌草功效的贡献计算质量指数,各采收期生物量变化计算生物量指数,二者相加得出采收指数.不同采收期的采收指数中以09-12最高,故9月中旬是白花蛇舌草的最佳采收期.

Under the field conditions, the effects of harvest time on the agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation and active component of Hedytis diffusa were studied. The results showed that from Aug. 3rd to Oct. 2nd dry matter accumulation increased gradually, but slowly after Sept. 12th becanse of the falling of leaves. The content of active components varied differently. The content of oleanolic acid and ursolic went up first and went down later. The highest content was on Sept. 12nd ; the content of amino acids and total flavononids was highest on Aug. 3 nd and went down later; the content of polysaccharide went up until September and went down later; the content of total anthraquinone changed very little first and went down after Sept. 12nd. According to contribution of components to the efficacy, quality index were obtained. Harvest index was got by dry matter index adding to quality index, it was the highest on Sept. 12th. So Hedyotis diffusa should be harvested in the middle of September.