基于农户视角的橡胶生产技术应用及需求分析——以海南琼中黎族苗族自治县营根镇为例

Rubber Production Technical Application and Need based on the Farmers' Perspective——Taking the Case of Yinggen Town, Qiongzhong, Hainan as Example

利用海南琼中14个村委会15个代表性植胶农户的调查数据分析农户的技术应用及需求,并从农户的视角评价科技推广工作。从农户的技术应用、科技推广工作评价、农户的技术服务需求等3个方面进行分析。结果表明:该地区橡胶生产以青壮年劳动力为主,橡胶种植历史不长;农户橡胶栽培割胶技术仍以传统经验为主;胶园抚育管理差和割胶技术水平低是农户认为影响胶园产量的主要因素;割胶技术总体上处于中等偏下水平;农户技术需求重点是胶园抚育管理、死皮复割、根病防治和割胶技术。

Using survey data from planting farmers in Qiongzhong District, Hainan, this paper examine the technology applications and technical service needs of farmers. Firstly, the analysis of farmers＇ technical applications includes farmers characteristics, cultivation and tapping technology applications. Secondly, the analysis of farmers＇ evaluation on technology of transfer （TOT） includes application of new technology, the effect of skills training and the recommendations for TOT. Thirdly, the analysis of farmers＇ technical needs includes what they need, technology promotion preference, needing information. The results show that rubber production in the region dominated by young farmers and rubber plantation history is not long; farmers＇ techniques mainly based on traditional experience; poor management and tapping rubber plantation considered by farmers is most prominent factor to affect low-yield rubber plantation, and tapping technology is at the middle level. Main needs of farmers focus on management technology of rubber plantation, TPD retapping technology, root disease prevention and tapping techniques.