现代收养法趋同化取向

The Convergent Tendency of Contemporary Adoption Laws

各国法律对收养的实质要件、形式要件以及收养效力的规定千差万别。但是 ,不同国家的收养法的分歧和对立并不是绝对的。一方面 ,现代国际社会的收养法逐渐从简单收养、完全收养并存的格局转向以完全收养为主的立法取向 ;另一方面 ,各国收养法逐渐摒弃将收养视为纯契约行为的当事人放任主义 ,改采强化收养的行政或司法程序的国家监督主义。保护儿童利益的原则在现代国际社会的收养法律制度的改革中得到更大程度的体现。这些不只是表明了各国国内收养立法的趋同化取向 。

Laws of different countries bear various rules on substantive requirements, formal requirements and effects of adoption. However, the divergence and opposites among the adoption laws in various nations are not absolute. On the one hand, contemporary adoption laws turn gradually to the merely full adoption from the mixture of both simple adoption and full one; On the other hand, they gradually brush aside party casualism which regards adoption as pure contractual behaviour, and take in the supervision of state which puts emphasis on administrative and judicial procedures. Furthermore, the principle of protecting interests of adopted children is greatly embodied in the reformation of adoption law systems. The facts mentioned above display not only the covergent tendency in the domestic legislation of adoption but also the common choice in the international legislation of adoption.