清末民初女子教育与女子高等教育之变迁

The Transition of Women's Education and Women's Higher Education during the Period of Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

女子教育,尤其是女子高等教育,是文化变迁的寒暑表。清朝末期,女子教育和女子高等教育在争议中萌芽;教会女学首开中国女子受学校教育之风,更是中国女子高等教育的肇基者。民国初期,女子教育和女子高等教育经历了从两性双轨制到混合双轨制的演变;"五四运动"前,中国政府一直无视女子高等教育;"五四运动"后,中国女子高等教育才真正起步。在长期的办学实践中,教会女子大学一直保持着较高的水平,成为我国女子高等教育的先驱。

Women＇s education, especially women＇s higher education, is a barometer of cultural change. Women＇s ed- ucation in China germinated in the dispute in the late Qing dynasty. Missionary schools were the base of not only Chinese women＇s education but also Chinese women＇s higher education. In the early Republic of China, women＇s education and women＇s higher education had experienced from the form of dual-gender-track to the form of mixed dual-gander-track. Chi- nese government had ignored women＇s higher education before ＂May Fourth Movement＂, and Chinese women＇s higher ed- ucation started after the movement. In the long running practice, the women＇s church college had maintained in a high level, and had become a pioneer in women＇s education in China.