近代澳门侦查体制研究

A Study on Macao's Investigation System in Industrial Age

1553年葡萄牙人始定居于香山澳(澳门),欧式的司法制度引入澳门,因其历史及地理位置的特殊性,在侦查体制上呈现出较大的差异。此一时期澳门侦查体制的特点是:除因"移民"所带来的欧洲法律移植以外,还保留了传统中国的刑事政策,尤其是明清两朝"华夷分治"——化外人归罪原则的适用,形成了"澳门特色"的二元制侦查体制。纵观澳门侦查发展的几个阶段,最终形成了以守澳官——香山知县为代表的中华刑事侦查体制以及夷目(议事会检察官)——兵头(葡萄牙航海队长)为代表的葡萄牙(海外附属地)刑事侦查体制。

Portuguese started to settle down in Xiangshanao（Macao） in 1553 and the European judicial system was then introduced into Macao. Due to the particularity in the history and geographical location of Macao, considerable difference existed between the existing and the introduced detection system. Apart from the introduced system resulted from the ＂migration＂ and the transplantation of European taws, there existed in Macao the criminal policy of traditional China, especially those of Ming and Qing dynasties like the application of the barbarian imputation principles. Therefore the ＂Macao characteristic＂ dual investigation system existed. A diachronic survey discloses the stages in the development of the Macao investigation system and its final system consisting of the Chinese criminal investigation system with the magistrate of Xiangshana County as its representative and the Portuguese （overseas colonies） criminal investigation system with Portuguese sea captains as its representatives.