关于秦州弓门寨的几个问题

Issues of Gongmen Village in QinZhou

在宋代史料与地理总志的记载中,关于弓门寨的记载有歧义,经过对相关史料的记载对比分析后,可以得知宋代史料记载中的弓门堡与小弓门寨以及弓门寨并不是一座堡寨;通过对《读史方舆纪要》的记载与宋代史料的记载对比分析后,可以得知《读史方舆纪要》中的弓川寨与北宋时期的弓门寨实为一个堡寨。弓门寨为北宋初期于西北缘边区域所进筑的一座堡寨,弓门寨的进筑对于安抚大小陇山区域秦仪两州的蕃部起到了积极作用,同时弓门寨扼守了北宋前期重要的秦州通过仪州经陇山进入渭州的黄石河路与秦州通过小陇山分水岭过大震关至陇州的大震关路,由于北宋中后期西部疆界向西开始扩展,原有的蕃部问题不再突出与已有的交通格局发生变化导致了弓门寨地位的下降,到宋仁宗之后弓门寨几乎不见于史料记载。

There are ambiguities in the records of Gongmen Village according to the works of History and Geography of the Song Dynasty. Through a comparative analysis of the relative records, it is found that the Gongmen Castle, the Small Gongmen Village and the Gongmen Village are really not the same. And the Gongchuan Village recorded in Du Shi Fang Yu JI Yao is the Gongmen Village of the Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, the Gngmen Village played a positive role in appeasing Fan-tribe of Qinzhou and Yizhou in the area of DaLong Mountain and XiaoLong Mountain. Meanwhile, it guarded DaZhenGuan Road, which, in the early period of the Northern Song Dynasty, was a fortress which made QinZhou enter Huang Shi He Road in WeiZhou through Long Mountain in YiZhou to WeiZhou, and also made it enter into LongZhou through XiaoLong Mountain and DaZhenGuan. In the middle and late periods of Northern Song Dynasty, the western frontier began to expand to west, the previous problems in Fan-tribe became less prominent and the traffic situation changed. Thus for those reasons mentioned above the Gongmen Village gradually lost its important geographic position and was almost neglected by historical records after emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty.