辐射防护的全部内容和实践的防护体系——对ICRP新建议书中有关问题的讨论

SCOPE OF RADIATION PROTECTION AND SYSTEM OF RADIATION PROTECTION IN PRACTICES——DISCUSSION OF PART OF CONTENTS OF THE ICRP NEW RECOMMENDATIONS

本文主要阐述了国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)新建议书(60号出版物)中在确定性效应阈值以下,由于随机效应对剂量线性关系,各类照射可以区别对待,因而辐射防护旨在控制那些将会受到而又可以避免或减少的照射的观点,而后解释有关实践的辐射防护体系部分的概念的进化。文中并概述了辐射防护各方面的内容,说明 ICRP 推荐的位置以防止以为 ICRP 建议书已覆盖了辐射防护的全部内容的误解,特别强调 ICRP 无意代替审管当局的功能,在建立一个有效的基础结构以推动合理使用各种管理与防护手段来达到 ICRP 建议书的基本要求方面,审管部门还有许多工作要作。文中还简要地介绍了 ICRP 的性质、任务及其新建议书的编写和定稿过程。

This papor on the new Recommendation of ICRP(ICRP 60),explains the basic conceptthat,under therthreshold of deterministic effects,the approximate proportionality of the detriment dueto stochastic effects to dose makes its possible to deal with respectively exposures origination from dif-ferent kinds of radiation sources.And radiation protection is the control of those exposures that wouldincur but can be avoided or reduced.Evolutions in philosophy and concepts in the part of system of ra-diation protection in practice are described in more details.A general description is given different as-pects in radiation protection and the position of ICRP recommendation in order to avoid the misconcep-tion that all aspects of radiation protection are covered by this recommendation.It is emphasized thatICRP stated“…the Commission does not intended to provide a regulatory text.”It is the responsibilityof the regulatory agencies to establish an effective infrastructure to adopt existing protection and man-agement measures and to implement the standards recommended by ICRP.