常用剂量氟苯尼考在罗非鱼肝脏和肾脏中的消除规律及组织学影响

Elimination Pattern and Histological Effect of Usual Dosage of Florfenicol in Liver and Kidney of Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)

在水温28℃条件下,以12 mg/kg剂量对罗非鱼单次口服给药,采用HPLC方法测定不同时间实验鱼肝脏和肾脏中的药物水平,分析氟苯尼考在罗非鱼肝、肾组织的吸收及消除规律。结果显示,肝脏和肾脏中的药动学参数均符合药动学一室模型,肝脏的药物消除速度快于肾脏,消除半衰期T1/2β分别为4.89 h和15.93 h;药物在肝脏的Tmax为5.43 h,吸收峰值为4.84μg/g;59 h后肝、肾组织中的药物含量均低于0.8μg/g。取12 mg/kg剂量连续给药7 d的实验鱼肝、肾组织,进行组织学观察,结果显示,给药组罗非鱼的肝、肾组织均未出现病理性变化。此外,氟苯尼考对6株罗非鱼常见病原菌的体外抑菌实验中,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)均≤4 mg/L,表明常用剂量氟苯尼考在罗非鱼体内消除快、残留少且不造成组织损伤,对常见病原菌具有良好的抑菌效果。

The pharmacokinetics and elimination of florfenicol in liver and kidney of tilapia （Oreochromis niloticus） single-orally administered 12 mg/kg of florfenicol at water temperature of 28 ℃were studied by HPLC in different periods. The results showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters in the liver and kidney were all in accord with the pharmacokinetic one-compartment model. The elimination speed of florfenicol in liver was faster than that in kidney,and the elimination half-life （T1/2β） of florfenicol in liver and kidney were 4.89 h and 15.93 h, respectively. The Tmax of florfenicol in liver was 5.43 h;59 hours after administration, the concentrations of florfenicol in liver and kidney were all less than 0.8 μg/g. Liver and kidney extracted from test fish continuous administrated with 12mg/kg florfenicol for 7 days were observed histologically. The results showed that no histopathological change was found in liver and kidney. The inhibitory effect of florfenicol to 6 kinds of pathogenic bacteria was detected, and the results showed MIC≤4 mg/L in all tested bacteria. This study indicated that florfenicol eliminate fast, has less residue and cause no histopathological damage in tilapia. As evidenced by the advantages above, it has good antibacterial effects on common pathogens in tilapia.