‘王林’苹果化学疏花疏果技术研究

Research on Chemical Flower and Fruit Thinning Technology for Orin Apple

以4年生‘王林’苹果为试材，研究了不同药剂不同浓度对其花果疏除效应及果实品质的影响。结果表明：花期喷50-100倍石硫合剂、150—250倍疏花剂、30～50g／L花生油和橄榄油以及0．3—0．5g／L乙烯利，对‘王林’苹果花果均有不同程度的疏除作用，从坐果率、空台率、单果比例等多方面考虑，效果最好的为石硫合剂75倍和疏花剂1号200倍。药剂处理后单果重、果形指数、果面色泽、果面光洁度、可溶性固形物含量和可溶性糖含量较对照均有不同程度的提高，而对果肉硬度和可滴定酸含量影响不一，正负作用同时存在。综合比较所有的果实品质指标，效果最好的为石硫合剂75倍、疏花剂1号200倍和花生油、橄榄油40舄／L。

Four year - old Orin apple trees were used to study the effects of different agents with different concentrations on the flower and fruit thinning and fruit quality. The results showed that spraying 50 - 100 times lime sulphur, 150 -250 times flower thinning agent, 30 -50 g/L peanut or olive oil and 0.3 -0.5 g/L ethephon at flowering stage had different flower and fruit thinning effects on Orin apple. Considering the fruit setting rate, empty table rate, single fruit ratio and other aspects, 75 times lime sulphur and 200 times flower thinning agent No. 1 had the best effects. The single fruit weight, fruit shape index, surface color, surface smoothness, soluble solid and soluble sugar contents after chemical agent treatment were all improved compared to control in varying degrees. The effects of chemical agents on flesh firmness and titratable acid content were inconsistent, and there were positive and negative effects at the same time. Comprehensively comparing the fruit quality indexes, 75 times lime sulphur, 200 times flower thinning agent No. 1,40 g/L peanut oil and 40 g/L olive oil had the best effects.