基于ABC理论的心理干预对护理人员艾滋病反歧视的影响

Effects of psychological interventions based on ABC theory in decreasing the discrimination of nursing professionals towards PLHIV

目的:探讨基于ABC理论的心理干预法在降低护理人员艾滋歧视中的作用及效果,探索科学有效的培训模式,为艾滋病的防控工作提供参考依据。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,选择2所综合性医院的132名护士作为研究对象,应用ABC理论对其进行心理干预,干预前后采用问卷进行调查,对比干预前后护士知识、态度、行为得分。结果:干预前后艾滋病相关知识总得分分别为(50.09±3.83)分,(61.04±4.88)分,相关态度总得分为(45.68±3.56)分,(56.34±5.61)分,艾滋病相关职业行为得分为(34.47±2.89)分,(35.09±2.80)分。比较干预前后知识、态度和行为得分情况,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:基于ABC理论的心理干预能有效降低护理人员对艾滋病患者的歧视,有利于进一步推动艾滋病的防治工作。

Objective To explore the effects of psychological intervention based on ABC theory in decreasing the discrimination of nursing professionals towards HIV / AIDS（PLHIV）.Furthermore,effective training model was established,and reference data was provided for the control of HIV / AIDS infections.Method Multistage stratified random sampling methods was used in this study for the 132 nursing professionals in two comprehensive hospitals of Jilin city.ABC theory was employed for their psychological intervention.Surveys were used in the investigation after intervention,so as to compare the score of General Information,AIDS related knowledge,AIDS related attitudes and behaviors.Results The total grades of AIDS related knowledge before and after intervention were 50.09 ± 3.83,61.04 ± 4.88.The total grades of AIDS related attitudes before and after intervention were 45.68 ± 3.56,56.34 ± 5.61.The total grades of AIDS related vocational behavior before and after interventions were 34.47 ± 2.89,35.09 ± 2.80.The grades before and after intervention regarding knowledge,attitudes,and behavior were statistically significant（P 0.001）.Conclusion Psychological interventions based on ABC theory viewpoints could effectively decrease the discrimination of nursing professionals against PLHIV,thus,and can contribute to the prevention and treatment of HIV / AIDS.