南疆日光温室番茄熊蜂授粉试验

Study on Bumblebee Pollination Technology for Tomato in Solar Greenhouse in Southern Xinjiang

以新疆南疆日光温室番茄为研究对象，进行熊蜂授粉技术试验。试验结果表明，熊蜂具有适合设施番茄授粉的形态结构和独特的生物学特性，出巢活动温度为9-12℃；熊蜂番茄授粉的坐果率为94．2％；单位面积产量比坐果灵蘸花授粉提高11．2％，果实可溶性固形物、维生素C、总糖含量分别提高12．9％、1％、23．1％；果实风味（糖酸比）也高于坐果灵蘸花处理，果实品质和商品性较好。因此，熊蜂授粉适合南疆生态气候区设施番茄栽培环境。

In the paper, we studied the pollination technology for tomato by bumblebees in solar greenhouse in southern Xinjiang. The results showed that, bumblebee had unique morphological structure and biological characteristics which made it suitable to pollinate for tomato in greenhouse, and the appropriate pollination temperature of bumblebee was 9- 12℃. After being pollinated by bumblebees, the fruit-setting rate was 94.2%, and the yield was 11.2% higher than that of the artificial pollination treatment using the plant growth regulator Zuoguoling, with soluble solid content, vitamin C content and total sugar content increased by 12.9%, 1%, 23.1%, respectively. Moreover, the sugar acid ratio of fruit was higher, for these reasons, the fruit quality and commercial characters were improved. In conclusion, we could make bumblebees pollinate for tomato in solar greenhouse in southern Xinjiang.