1954-2011年西宁旅游气候舒适期时间变化分析

Analysis of the Temporal Variation in Climatic Comfortable Period for Tourism in Xining,1954-2011

利用西宁市1954-2011年逐年逐日气温、相对湿度、平均风速和日照时数等气象资料,运用温湿指数THI、风寒指数WCI、着衣指数ICL和人体舒适度指数K计算模型,计算西宁逐年逐日旅游舒适指数和舒适日概率,分析西宁年内气候舒适期起止时间、期间天数;年际、年代际变化特点以及各模型指数年际间是否存在突变等.综合舒适度指数结果显示:较适宜旅游季节从4月中旬开始,10月中旬结束,为时184d;没有适宜旅游期和最适宜旅游期,这一结果反映了西宁夏季凉爽的气候特点.用温湿指数、人体舒适度指数等模型计算出的较舒适期天数在年际和年代际间均呈上升趋势;较舒适期天数在年际间存在突变(增多)现象.西宁旅游舒适日在年际间呈增多的趋势,对该地区旅游业发展是一个有利因素.

Using Xining＇s daily air temperature, rel- ative humidity, wind speed and average sunshine hours and other meteorological data from 1954 to 2011, and using the models for calculating temper- ature humidity index, windchill index, index of clothing and human body comfort index, the prob- abilities of annual and daily tourism comfortable indexes and comfortable days in Xining are calcu- lated. The beginning date, ending date and dura- tion of comfortable days are calculated with various index models in Xining are also analyzed. Their decadal and annual variation characteristics and an- nual mutation are discussed as well. The calcula-tion of comprehensive comfort index shows that for Xining City relatively suitable tourism comfortable period begins in mid-April, ends in mid-October, lasting for 184 days. There are no suitable and most suitable comfortable periods for tourism, re- fleeting the climate characteristics in Xining, where summer is cool. It is found that the relative- ly suitable comfortable period for tourism is in- creasing from the calculations of temperature hu- midity index, human body comfort indexes and other indexes, with a mutation （increasing）, which is a favorable factor for the tourism industry in Xin- ing.