国际非政府组织的自我约束方式:评述与思考

International Non-Governmental Organization's Self-Regulation:Review and Thinking

为了达到增强其问责机制、弥补规制真空和完善其内外部治理的效果,国际非政府组织自愿加入各种行为准则。实践证明,国际非政府组织这种自我约束的方式起到了非常重要的作用。但是这种机制也存在着诸如无强制性特点、规定模糊不清、无强有效的遵守和惩处机制等缺陷。应该通过从其基本内容的设定改变行为准则的自愿性质、对其成员的问责机制加以清晰的设定、对遵守机制及惩处机制加以明确等来达到完善这种行为准则的效果,也只有通过这些途径才能真正对国际非政府组织起到自我约束的作用。

In order to promote their accountability system, make up the vacuum of regulation and perfect internal and external governance, international non-governmental organizations （INGOs） sign all kinds of code of conduct voluntarily. Experience over the past few years has proved that this kind of self-regulation system has played positive roles. But this system also exists some disadvantages such as without any mandatory requirements, foggy regulation and non-effective compliance and sanction system. The code of conduct can truly play important role in self-regulating INGOs by changing its voluntary nature, regulating clearly its accountability, compliance and sanction system.