重症肌无力相关自身抗体的研究进展

Research Progress in Myasthenia Gravis Related Autoantibodies

重症肌无力（MG）是由自身抗体引起、T细胞免疫依赖、补体参与的主要累及神经肌肉接头处的自身免疫性疾病.乙酰胆碱受体抗体（AchR-Ab）在MG中的阳性率为85% ～90%,对MG的诊断具有重要意义.但研究中发现,MG患者血清中还存在其他自身抗体,如肌联蛋白抗体（Titin-Ab）对胸腺瘤合并MG（MGT）的诊断也具有良好的灵敏性;酪氨酸激酶抗体（MuSK-Ab）主要存在于AchR-Ab阴性的MG患者血清中;突触前膜抗体（PsM-Ab）能反映突触前膜的损坏与AchR-Ab水平高度相关;兰尼碱受体抗体（RyR-Ab）对诊断MGT的特异性高,在迟发型MG中阳性率高.

Myasthenia gravis （MG） is the autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies, T-cell immunity dependent,complement participation, mainly involving the neuromuscular junction. Acetylcholine receptor an- tibody（AchR-Ab） positive rate is 85%-90% in the MG,which is of great significance in the diagnosis of MG. However some studies found that there are other autoantibodies in the serum of patients with MG：Titin antibody （Titin-Ab）has a good sensitivity in the diagnosis of MGT;muscle specific tyrosine kinase antibody （MuSK-Ab） is mainly present in the serum AchR-Ab-negative patients with MG;presynaptic membrane anti- body（PsM-Ab） can reflect the presynaptic membrane damage and is highly correlated with the level of AchR- Ab; ryanodine receptor antibodies（RyR-Ab） have a good specificity in the diagnosis of MGT and a high posi- tive rate in late-onset MG.