出口贸易结构对澳大利亚抵御金融危机的作用及其国际竞争力分析——基于澳大利亚2001—2011年对外贸易状况的分析

An Analysis on the Roles of Australian Export Structure Against the Financial Crisis and its International Competitiveness —Based on Australian Foreign Trade from 2001 to 2011

2008年始于美国的金融危机逐渐演变为全球性的经济危机,世界各国普遍深受影响。但对比其他发达国家,澳大利亚是较早摆脱经济危机影响的国家。究其原因,与澳大利亚以能源和矿产品为主的出口贸易结构密切相关。本文从剖析澳大利亚贸易结构在金融危机前后的变化出发,并与另外两个主要能源和矿产出口国——巴西和加拿大的贸易结构相比较,得出澳大利亚的贸易结构在金融危机中表现出较强国际竞争力的结论。但综合考虑国内外因素,这种结构正面临着极大的挑战。

The economic crisis arising from the financial crisis in the USA in 2008 has affected the whole world deeply. But compared with other developed countries, Australia gets over the crisis earlier. Its export structure which mainly consists of fuels and minerals contributes a lot to that. Starting from demonstratng Australian export structures before and after the financial crisis, and then taking the export structures of two other main fuels and minerals exporting countries--Brazil and Canada as comparison, this article draws a conclusion that the current export structure of Australia has strong international competitiveness. But taking both domestic and international factors into consideration, the export structure is also facing great challenge.