华北地区煤矸石绿化基质配比试验研究

Experimental study of mixed growing medium using coal wastes in North China

以煤矸石山的生态恢复为目的,将煤矸石粉粒作为改良煤矸石山绿化基质的主要组成部分,同时添加土壤、保水剂、缓释肥和菌肥,作为基质组成的4个因素,各因素均设4个水平,选用L16(44)正交表安排每类基质中各组成部分的水平,在各基质中播种紫穗槐,通过分析紫穗槐的出苗率和壮苗指数,判定得到适合于煤矸石山绿化的基质为:煤矸石粉粒和土壤的体积比为2∶1,每m3的煤矸石粉粒和土壤的混合物中添加保水剂和菌肥的质量分别为2 kg和680 g。采用这种基质配比方式,对于满足植物正常生长,降低煤矸石山改良的成本,具有一定的参考意义。

In order to restore gangue heap ecologically, we used the crushed coal gangue as a main component of the growing media for plants. Soil, super absorbent polymer, controlled-release compound fertilizer and bacterial manure were selected as four factors of the growing media. Each factor has three levels, and a L]6 （44） orthogonal matrix table was chosen for arranging the levels in each type of growing media in which Amorpha fruticosa seeds were sowed. The optimal growing medium was obtained by analyzing the emergence rate and healthy seedling index of A. fruticosa. The optimum components of the medium were： volume ratio of gangue silt to soil 2： 1, 2 kg super absorbent polymer and 680 g bacterial manure contained per cubic meter of gangue silt and soil mixture without addition of controlled-release compound fertilizer.