《周易》的文本结构及其言说方式

The Text Structure and Expression Ways of I Ching

《周易》是一部帮助人们决疑解难的思维工具书,卦象爻象、卦名卦辞爻辞是这个类比推理系统的核心构件。卦名主要根据重卦的上、下经卦关系所象征的意义或重卦整体所象征的意义而确定;卦辞是对卦象意义的总体阐释,爻辞是对爻象在卦体中的特定位置所含之义的阐释;卦辞、爻辞以例说方式"明象",一个卦辞或爻辞中往往包含有一、两个甚至三、四个例说,这种以譬喻为主要特点的言说方式,训练、规范着炎黄子孙的思维实践,逐渐形成了注重类比的思维定势。

I Ching is a reference book that helps us to solve thinking puzzles. It consists of such main concepts as Gua Xiang(i.e., the image of hexagram), Yao Xiang(i.e., the image of horizontal line), Gua Ming(i.e., the name of hexagram), Gua Ci(i.e., the explanation of hexagram) and Yao Ci(i.e., the explanation of horizontal line). Gua Ming is made in terms of the meaning signified by the relationship of trigrams or by double hexagrams. Gua Ci explains the meaning of Gua Xiang. Yao Ci explains the meaning of the location of Yao Xiang in hexagrams. Gua Ci and Yao Ci illuminate Gua Xiang and Yao Xiang by examples. One Gua Ci or Yao Ci always consists of one or two, even three or four examples. This kind of expression way whose main character is metaphor formulates our thinking practice, and makes us form an analogy-centred mindset generally.