中西消费者团体诉讼权比较研究

The Comparative Research on Litigation Rights of the Chinese and Western Customer Groups

消费者团体诉权在消费者权益保护中发挥着很大的作用。美国的集体诉讼是消费者权益保护中非常有特色的制度,消费者团体常常在集体诉讼中发挥着作用;法国的消费者团体拥有几种诉权,但在损害求偿的诉权方面,法国还是采取了比较保守的立场;意大利通过《消费者法典》的修改,引进了美国的集体诉讼制度,但是又对其进行了改造。中国的《民事诉讼法》修订增加了公益诉讼制度,引发了民众对消费者团体诉讼权的讨论,对正在修订的《消费者权益保护法》也寄予厚望。我国消费者团体的诉权问题,应当能够从西方的制度中借鉴到有益的经验。

The litigation rights of consumer groups play an important role in the protection of consumer interests. The class action in the U. S. A. is a very distinctive system to protect the interests of consumers. And the consumer groups often play a role in the class - action. The consumer groups in France have more than one kind of litigation rights. But France takes a con- servative standing in the damage claim. The amendment of ＂Consumer Code＂ in Italy introduced the class action from the U. S. A. with some changes. In China, the amendment of ＂Civil Proce- dure Law＂ introduced the public interest litigation, and caused the discussion on the litigation rights of consumer groups and the ongoing revision of the ＂Consumer Protection Law＂. We can learn something useful from the foreign experience about the litigation rights of consumer groups.